Normalization

Normalization:

A series of steps followed to obtain a database design that allows for efficient access and storage of data in a relational database

Normalization helps
to optimize the database by thorugh investigation of relation ships.
It is used mainly to avoid redundacy of data and for scalability issues,

The Process towards database Normalization Progresing through series of Steps typically Known as Normal forms.




First Normal Form

‘A relation R is in first normal form (1NF) if and only if all underlying domains contain atomic values only.’

the first rule call for elimination of repeating groups of data through the creation of seperate tables of related data


Second Normal Form

‘A relation R is in second normal form (2NF) if and only if it is in 1NF and every nonkey attribute is fully dependent on the primary key.’



Third Normal Form

‘A relation R is in third normal form (3NF) if and only if it is in 2NF and every nonkey attribute is nontransitively dependent on the primary key.’

Boyce/Codd Normal Form

‘A relation R is in Boyce/Codd normal form (BCNF) if and only if every determinant is a candidate key.’